Question Answered step-by-step 1.A student nurse asks if an infectious disease is the same thing… 1.A student nurse asks if an infectious disease is the same thing as a communicable disease. The nurse explains that an infectious disease is not necessarily a communicable disease. Which factor could the nurse point out that a communicable disease must have that an infectious disease would not have to have? (Select all that apply.)A.Pathogenic microorganismB.Portal of exit from the infected personC.Means of transmissionD.Portal of entry to a susceptible hostE.Organism that harbors the infectious agent2.The community health clinic is noting a rise in the number of individuals with H1N1 virus and is concerned that an epidemic is occurring. Which agency would be most appropriate to become involved with this situation?A.Department of Health and Human ServicesB.Centers for Disease Control and PreventionC.World Health OrganizationD.Department of Defense3.The school nurse is preparing for a health class discussion covering the basics of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which factors should the nurse point out will place an individual at high risk for acquiring a STI? (Select all that apply.)A.Having multiple sexual partnersB.Using a condom during sexC.Having no other STIsD.Having a sexual partner who has had an STIE.Receiving a blood transfusion4.A man who lives in a homeless shelter is diagnosed with active tuberculosis (TB). The shelter keeps a list of those who are assigned beds, and the majority of those sleeping there are regulars. Which finding would indicate a positive tuberculin skin test result using a two-step process?A.4-mm indurationB.2-mm indurationC.6-mm indurationD.3-mm induration5.The nurse prepares to enter the room of a client with suspected Ebola virus disease (EVD). Which PPE items should the nurse ensure is in place before entering the room? (Select all that apply.)A.Fluid-resistant gownB.GlovesC.RespiratorD.MaskE.Goggles6.A client arrives on the unit, diagnosed with norovirus infection from eating shellfish. The client has been vomiting repeatedly and is now severely dehydrated. Which interventions are likely to be performed for this client? (Select all that apply.)A.Starting an intravenous line for fluid and electrolyte replacementB.Encouraging the client and the client’s family to practice good handwashingC.Immediately disinfecting all potentially contaminated objects and surfacesD.Isolating the client until 12 hours after the client has been symptom freeE.Administering a vaccination7.As the occupational health nurse in a factory finds that five employees out of 30 have positive tuberculin skin test results. One employee on the 3-to-11 shift has been diagnosed with active tuberculosis (TB). She asks if this means that the whole factory has been exposed. Which factor would the nurse point out would most likely increase the possibility of infecting others? (Select all that apply.)A.Concentration of infectious droplet nuclei in the airB.Duration of exposure to the infected personC.Proximity to the infected personD.The use of safety gloves by employeesE.Physical exertion required in the job8.A nurse is preparing a description of an epidemiologic problem. Which factor should the nurse be prepared to point out will occur with a propagated outbreak?A.Same person or vehicle as the reservoir or means of transmissionB.Infection transmitted from person to person over a short period of timeC.Generation of a secondary infection with the usual incubation period for the infectionD.Generation of a tertiary infection following exposure to a primary case9.Four employees at a local restaurant have positive purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin skin tests and have been diagnosed with latent tuberculosis (TB) infection. Which employee would the nurse predict to be at the greatest risk for contracting active TB disease?A.Works two jobsB.Vacations in South AmericaC.Cooks the foodD.Takes immunosuppressants10.The nurse admits a client to the hospital with the diagnosis of Escherichia coli O157:H7. The client is dehydrated and febrile. During the history phase of the admission, the client states that he doesn’t know how he could have gotten sick at the local county fair—the hamburger he bought was well done. Which factor would the nurse predict was most responsible for the transmission of the bacteria?A.Use of a gas barbecueB.Improper cleaning of the cooking toolsC.Use of wood instead of charcoal to cook the meatD.Animals roaming in the fair grounds11.The student nurse is creating a poster for a class project which will illustrate the chain of infection. Which item should the student nurse point out as a vehicle in this chain?A.AnimalsB.InsectsC.ReptilesD.Water12.International health experts have determined that the avian flu is the virus most likely to cause the next pandemic. Which factor will most likely improve its transmissibility to the public?A.Increase in consumption of chickenB.Increase in autoimmune disease incidenceC.Shift to zoonotic transmissionD.Antigenic shift13.The public health department is conducting research in an area where medical resources are limited. Which environmental factors should the department most consider when evaluating the likelihood of a disease outbreak? (Select all that apply.)A.TemperatureB.GeologyC.PrecipitationD.HumidityE.Amount of daylight14.The nurse assesses a client in the local neighborhood clinic. He exhibits signs and symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) yet has a negative tuberculin skin test result. Which factor will lead the nurse to predict the healthcare provider will order additional tests?A.Visited Central America recentlyB.Is recovering from jet lagC.Is HIV positiveD.Works in a factory setting15.The student nurses have completed a session exploring infections and biologic agents. The instructor would determine the session is successful when the student nurses correctly choose which as a biologic agent in the infectious process? (Select all that apply.)A.FungiB.FomitesC.BacteriaD.VirusesE.Helminths16.A 16-year-old client visits the community health clinic with concerns that she may have a STI. She asks whether STIs are treatable. Which STIs should the nurse point out are easily treated and curable? (Select all that apply.)A.Human papillomavirusB.Herpes simplexC.ChlamydiaD.GonorrheaE.Syphilis17.Three years after exposure to a virulent form of the flu, a population faces the same flu strain. The public health department determines that there are members of the population who have not been exposed to the flu strain. Which will the public health department predict will occur next?A.The unexposed population will contract the illnessB.The unexposed population is not likely to contract the illnessC.The unexposed population will contract the illness and reinfect othersD.The flu will reach epidemic proportions and both populations will become ill18.The public health department nurses are concerned the community is experiencing an outbreak of Cryptosporidium. Which criteria must be met to define this outbreak as a water-associated disease outbreak?A.Two or more people with laboratory-confirmed primary amebic meningoencephalitisB.Two or more cases of chemical poisoning if water quality data indicate contamination by the chemicalC.Two or more people having experienced a similar illness after exposure to waterD.Epidemiologic evidence implicating drinking water as the probable source of the illness19.The client is diagnosed with Lyme disease. He states that he is not a hiker and does not remember being bitten by a tick. Which is the best response from the nurse?A.”You must have been bitten by a tick and didn’t recognize it as such.”B.”Did you spend time in a brushy or grassy area in the last 90 days?”C.”Conduct a full-body tick check once a week during the summer.”D.”A history of a tick bite is not required.”20.The client reports diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps 24 hours following exposure to raw eggs while cooking. Which recipe should the nurse recommend for the client to prepare home to help with rehydration that is efficient and effective?A.One level teaspoon of salt and eight level teaspoons of sugar into one quart or liter of clean drinking waterB.Eight level teaspoons of salt and one level teaspoon of sugar into one quart or liter of clean drinking waterC.One level teaspoon of salt and one level teaspoon of sugar into one quart or liter of clean drinking waterD.Eight level teaspoons of salt and eight level teaspoons of sugar into one quart or liter of clean drinking water21.The clinic clients respond negatively to the need for a yearly flu shot. They ask why the medical communities don’t just create one shot that will last for several years. Which is the best response from the nurse?A.Genetic changes in the bacteria that cause the flu require a rotating course of antibioticsB.Genetic changes make the flu virus resistant to the flu shot from year to yearC.There is more than one strain of the flu virus and you must be protected from all of themD.The shots last only for 3 to 6 months and must be renewed on a yearly basis22.The community health nurse works in a region where severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has just been reintroduced into the environment. Which measure is imperative for the nurse to take to prevent spread of the disease?A.Prophylactic antibioticsB.Enhanced infection control measuresC.Use of alcohol cleansersD.Report of clusters to the CDC23.A client wants to know the best way to avoid STIs. Which actions should the nurse point out will help decrease the risk of becoming infected with a STI?A.AbstinenceB.Monogamous relationship with an infected partnerC.Washing the genitals after sexD.Use of latex condoms24.A nurse is studying the Institute of Medicine’s convergence model to learn how four types of interrelated and overlapping microbe–human interactions can lead to emerging/reemerging infectious diseases. Which four types of interactions will the nurse be to point out as essential after learning about this model? (Select all that apply.)A.Genetic and biologicB.Physical/environmentalC.Spiritual and psychologicalD.EcologicE.Social, political, and economic25.Tent communities are constructed in a rural community by the American Red Cross after a disaster. Because of overcrowding, surrounding states create accommodations for the displaced and homeless. The survivors are accommodated in the cities of four Southern states. Which factors will most likely increase the possibility of disease emergence in these cities? (Select all that apply.)A.Poor hygieneB.Decreased socializationC.Poor sanitationD.Decreased viral loadE.Increased violence Health Science Science Nursing NRSG 2030 Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)
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