Question 1) Introduction to Pathology
Simon, a 26-year-old, visits Dr. Jones complaining of cough, fever, exhaustion, and loss of 10 pounds over the last 3 months. Dr. Jones completes the routine workup.
Simon returns 1 week later, and Dr. Jones tells him that he has pneumonia, secondary to AIDS. He explains that this is a disease that attacks the immune system, and his body will be become unable to fight infection, causing him to become host to opportunistic infections.
Simon is admitted to the hospital, where further tests will be done. Dr. Jones tells Simon that as of right now there is no known cure for AIDS. He can expect to live 1 more year.
Question: What are Joes signs and symptoms?
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Question: What is the pathogenesis?
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Question: What is the prognosis?
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Question: What changes in technical factors, if any, would be required for this particular pathology?
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Question: What radiographic appearance does pneumonia assume?
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Question 2
Respiratory System
Bill is a 54-year-old man. He presents with an inflammation of the chest known as pleurisy. Although
chest radiography is not used to diagnosis pleurisy, Bill had an erect chest x-ray taken yesterday that
revealed blunting of the costophrenic angles.
NB: This is a disorder of the pleura
Question: Using the radiographic findings, determine what this condition is called.
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Question: An erect chest x-ray would clearly show the fluid levels of pleural effusion. If the patient cannot stand, what should the radiographer do?
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Question: Name the procedure used to remove excess fluid in the chest.
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Question: What imaging modality(ies) is/are used to perform a thoracocentesis?
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Question: Why may an erect chest radiograph be obtained following a thoracocentesis?
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Question: How are technical factors manipulated for a pleural effusion?
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Question 3
Skeletal System
Bob is a 39-year-old construction worker who recently has been waking up in the night with back pain.
When he gets out of bed, he notices that he has morning stiffness. He would ordinarily contribute this to
getting a little older and his line of work, but lately he has had some weight loss and has been feeling a
bit run down.
Question: What type of radiographs will be suggested for Bob?
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Question: It is revealed that Bob has a specific type of arthritis. Knowing the information listed above, what could you deduce his specific arthritis is called?
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Question: The disease leads to bone fusion and calcification of the intervertebral disks. This appearance of the spine leads to a nickname for the disease. What is that nickname?
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Question: What is the suggested treatment for this condition?
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Question: How will this disorder present radiographically?
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Question 4:
Traumatic Disease
Maura fell on the sidewalk while going out to her mailbox one Saturday. She fell directly on her right
elbow. She went to the urgent care center and had x-rays taken. The doctor there said there was no
fracture, but that she should follow up with an orthopedic surgeon on Monday. When she went to the
orthopedic surgeon, he told her that her elbow radiograph demonstrated a fat pad sign.
Question: What does a fat pad sign indicate?
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Question: What projection would most clearly demonstrate the radiographic clinical sign?
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Question: This is an example of how something other than the actual bones may be used to assist in making a diagnosis. What is being used in this example?
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Question: What are the actual fat pads?
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Question: What is an advantage of digital imaging over film screen when radiographing the skeletal system?
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Question 6:
Hepatobiliary System
Wanda is a 66-year-old, overweight woman. Her chief complaint is belly pain, although she also reports abdominal bloating and nausea. Her physician orders a sonographic examination in which she must fast for 8 hours prior to the exam.
Question: What condition do you think Wandas physician is suspecting?
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Question: What are the factors about Wanda that make him suspicious of this condition?
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Question: If his suspicions are correct, what will be the recommended course of treatment for Wanda?
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Question: If she follows the recommended treatment option, will you as a radiographer be involved, and if so, what will you do?
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