Sociology Questions (Criminology)

Type your answers using Times New Roman font, size 12, and double spaced. Will be checked for plagiarism. Answer ALL questions.

Instructions:

When answering each question, use the readings to support your claims. Make sure to properly cite the readings in your answers using in-text citations (Last name, date, pg#) or footnotes. Even if you paraphrase, cite the source. When in doubt, cite it. You do not need a Bibliography nor a Works Cited page.

Please reframe from using outside material to answer the questions. You should only use the readings materials provided to answer the following questions.

Do not use nor quote powerpoint notes. Powerpoint notes are there to help you understand the readings – not answer the midterm questions. Do not waste space answering the questions using the title of the readings nor big quotes. If you use a quote that is longer than 2 lines, then you must indent the margins and single-space it.[1]

3 Short Answer Questions ~500 words each

1. How has penal punishment transformed over time in the EU & US? Describe the transition of punishment as applied towards the body. Does the removal of the public spectacle of torture indicate a more humane/civilized Society? Why or why not? Explain what ideas and moments have contributed to the development of the first prison in the US. How did prison become the universal form of punishment? Use at least 2 readings.

2. List at least three factors that influence ideas of crime and criminality? How does class, race, gender and ethnicity impact interpretations on crime waves? What is the relationship between social, political and economic cyclical crises to incarceration trends? What factors have impacted mass incarceration today? Use specific examples to support claims.

3. What is scientific racism? How did scientific research, racial ideologies, economic conditions, and data collection impact the study of crime historically? What ideas of criminality are structural (consistent) in criminology? What is the role of biometrics and craniometry of ideas of deviance? Are crime statistics still relevant today? Why or why not?

I will provide further readings and lecture slides